Term Papers - 1107 Words

Parenting in 2015, spanking or timeout, harsh discipline or no dessert tonight, going to school or home schooling, so many options to be a good or great parent, from traditional to all out crazy, parenting in today’s world is not what grandma could of ever imagined. A parent’s goal is to give their children all the best in life, encouraging them to excel in everything they do, but what happens when that parent goes above and beyond, and not in a positive socially excepting way. The difference between Chinese mothers and Western civilization â€Å"moms† is pitch black night and day. All a Chinese mother has left to do to raise their children is a battery pack inserted in the child’s back, given the way some Asian people in today’s society are†¦show more content†¦Proper communication, respect and discipline are key to great parenting, â€Å"The fact is that Chinese parents can do things that would seem unimaginable-even legally actionable-to Westerners. Chinese mothers can say to their daughters, Hey fatty-lose some weight. By contrast, Western parents have to tiptoe around the issue, talking in terms of health and never ever mentioning the f-word, and their kids still end up in therapy for eating disorders a nd negative self-image†, parenting in today’s world is VERY different than it was in the early 1900’s, but as timesShow MoreRelatedPizza USA Term Paper2477 Words   |  10 Pagestheme in many discussions regarding business operations and management in recent weeks. The prevailing thought is that in order for your business to grow and be successful, you must identify what your customers want and find a way to deliver it. This paper will analyze and discuss how process design can be implemented to assist this business to achieve its goals. Within the process design analysis and discussion, several factors will be reviewed to include: identification of what customer satisfactionRead MoreOffshoring and Outsourcing Term Paper1794 Words   |  8 PagesTerm Paper The debate of outsourcing or offshoring American jobs rather than utilizing our unemployed citizens has been a highly controversial topic in the past decade. Outsourcing has many advantages to business firms such as lower production costs, lower labor costs, improved quality of work, more time to focus on domestic operations, and increased profits which help stimulate our economy. The opposing view argues that by outsourcing jobs to other countries it is causing higher unemploymentRead MoreTerm Paper649 Words   |  3 PagesCase study, Presentation, Quiz, Projects, Class tests, industrial visits, teaching practice, court visits etc. to be undertaken as a part of the continuous assessment for the Course) (TERM PAPER) School: LSB Department: Management Name of the faculty Member: Rajbir Singh Sethi Course No.: MGT 511 Course Title: BusinessRead MoreTerm Paper1057 Words   |  5 PagesTERM PAPER Lara Zeyna Altinok BACKGROUND This paper will present answers to the following questions: 1. Provide a description of the company that you work for. As part of your description include a discussion of the type of organizational structure. 2. Describe an agency problem within the firm and discuss what you think is causing the problem and how the problem might be better controlled. 3. Describe the job dimensions of the firm and discuss whether or not you believe the currentRead MoreTerm Paper1522 Words   |  7 PagesPM587 TEAM INSIGHT PAPER By I. xxxxx Instructor: Professor x x xxxxx Our group consisted of x xxxxx, x xxxxx, x xxxx and myself. Our task, as team members, involved the application of the tools and techniques of multi-project/program management. As part of the process, we were to deal with the analysis and establishment of project management systems based on the structure of the project and organization. We were also expected to expend some effort to observe and analyze ourRead MoreTerm Paper1494 Words   |  6 Pagesconduct of women at the time. In her final novel, Married or Single, she put into the open the idea that women should not marry if it meant they would lose their self-respect. She also provoked the idea of Republican Motherhood which is a 20th-century term for an attitude toward womens roles present in the emerging United States before, during, and after the American Revolution. â€Å"Republican Motherhood† centered on the belief that the patriots daughters should be raised to uphold the ideals of republicanismRead MoreTerm Paper 2050 Words   |  9 Pages| 2013 | Term Paper: Redesigning Security Operations 1 Identify what you perceive to be the five (5) most concerning threats to the network, computing environment, and the database operations of the company Data security Threats: Data face many threats in various forms which can accessed by unauthorized people who can misuse it and can damage the company. Here is the series of potential risks and attacks which the data could face: Data tempering: for the data to be more mores secure t isRead MoreTerm Paper1235 Words   |  5 Pagesworn for either prosthetic, cosmetic, or convenience reasons. 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Table For Ladies, By Edward Hopper, And His Wife - 1031 Words

Tables for Ladies is set in the interior of an unknown restaurant. There are four figures in this piece: two guests, a cashier, and a waitress. The two guests, a man and a woman, are sitting at one of the tables and seem to be having a conversation. The cashier stands nearby the cash register, possibly counting the amount of money in it. The waitress is arranging the display of fruit, which is presumably at the front of the restaurant. The restaurant contains wall mirrors, polished woodwork and checkerboard blue and white tiles on the floor. The artist, Edward Hopper, and his wife, Jo, had given each figure a name while this piece was painting. The couple is Max Scherer and his wife, Sadie, the cashier is Anne Popebogales and the waitress is Olga. By personal observation, this piece contains bright and vibrant colors. It also seems to portray a scene that can be identified in modern, everyday life, as opposed to an art piece based on religious scenes from the Bible or Greek or Roman mythology. This painting is meant to portray the changing roles of women after the First World War, which can be evident in the fact that the two people working in this restaurant are both women. The painting was created by American artist, Edward Hopper. Hopper is possibly best known for his painting, Nighthawks. Tables for Ladies contrasts this piece with its well light setting and warm, vibrant colors. Nighthawks also features a restaurant as its setting, however, this piece is set at night.Show MoreRelatedArt History Study Guide3003 Words   |  13 Pages–Sanctuary of Athena * Hellenistic (320-30 BCE) * Alexandros –Aphrodite of Melos * Epigonos –Gallic Chieftain Killing His Wife and Himself; Dying Gaul * Hagesandros –[and Polydoros, Athanadoros] Laocoon and His Sons * S Chapter 10 China * 6 Dynasties (220-579) * Gu Kaizhi – Imperial Instructress to Court Ladies * Wang Xizhi –Letter Feng Ju album * Song (960-1279) * Fan Kuan –Travelers Among Mtns and Streams * XiaRead MoreBelonging Essay4112 Words   |  17 PagesBeloved AF http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beloved_(novel) Morrison, Toni The bluest eye AF Morrison, Toni Sula AF Morton, Kate Forgotten garden AF Nabakov, Vladimir Lolita AF Naidoo, Beverley Other side of truth YA Niffenegger, Audrey The time traveller’s wife AF Niland, D’Arcy The shiralee AF Nunn, Cameron Shadows in the mirror YA Oates, Joyce Carol Black girl/White girl AF O’Brien, Robert Z for Zachariah YA O’Dell, Scott Island of the blue dolphins JF Orwell, George Nineteen eighty-four AF YA Paton,

Negative Effects of Privatizing Social Security Free Essays

Bush administration’s continuous emphasis on the issue of privatization of social security services has generated much hype in the recent years. Many a social security scholars and workers take into account its bad effects on the socio-cultural sector and economic domain of United States rather than eulogizing it. They put forward many negative effects of this privatization of social security. We will write a custom essay sample on Negative Effects of Privatizing Social Security or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the prime negative effects is that a system that is carved out to offer benefits to employees and their kin upon retirement, disability, or bereavement is going to be treated like a commodity. It is a public service and is not a commercial service. From the very start of social security system in 1935, the program was based on the basis principle that magnitude of the remuneration package would depend on the income of employees over their professional time span. Contrary to this, Bush administration’s new privatized security system would take into account the   Ã‚  amount of funds that a worker would invest in his or her own personal account. Ultimately, this will lower the magnitude of benefit and there would be a great uncertainty on the part of the workers about their investments, margin over investments and remuneration. This would not only result into socio-economic maladies for their but psychological and mental health of the workers would be in danger too. Some scholars are of the view that â€Å"Rate of return† calculations, made by the proponents of privatized social security overlook the â€Å"value of Social Security’s insurance protections†. So privatization of Social Security would divert the money that is currently used to finance existing insurance program into investment accounts (this proposed to be created for each worker). So from what sources this amount, that is being used to carry on current payments to recipients of a variety of Social Security insurance and other benefits, will be collected? It would generate a cause and effect phenomenon. For example Treasury of States have to borrow huge amounts from the private sectors and other financial institutes instantaneously in order to pay the insurance and other retirement benefits to the already retired and/or their families. This would cause negative impact on the national economy and federal deficit would go up. National saving would decline and it will effect the long-tern economic development. Another negative impact of the privatization of social security is that remuneration on the finances of workers through individual accounts would be totally dependent on the market trends. Furthermore scholars argue that individual investors are more prone to perform badly in the market than collective investments. In the above case brokerage houses, banks and mutual funds would be beneficial. Social Security programs does not take into account the gender differences and its patterns and procedures treat men and women on equal terms, But is a biological and cultural truth that women get the worst provided by the social security. So in this way, she will be the most hard-hit in the privatization process of social security. Caroll L. Estes as early as 2004 take into consideration the negative impact of privatization of Social security and says; Negative effects are particularly harsh for those older women who do not conform to the model of family status as married with male breadwinner and for those already disadvantaged by race, ethnicity, and class. (Estes, 2004) References Anrig Grig, Jr., ; Wasow, Bernard. Twelve Reasons Why Privatizing Social Security is a Bad Idea. The Century Foundation. 2004. Available online: http://www.socsec.org/publications.asp?pubid=503 Estes, Caroll L. Social Security privatization and older women: A feminist political economy perspective. Journal of Aging Studies. Vol.18. No. February 2004, Pages 9-26 Feldstein, Martin. Privatizing Social Security. Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 37, No. 2 (Jun., 1999), pp. 685-686 ; ; ; How to cite Negative Effects of Privatizing Social Security, Essay examples

Holista CollTech free essay sample

According to Dato RaJen, there were religious issues raised in the use of collagen made from cow and pig by Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs, Muslims and Jews. However, fewer concerns were voiced regarding the use of sheep collagen. Moreover, Australian sheep are generally disease-free and their meat is well accepted globally. 2. Halal ovine collagen Holista CollTechs ovine collagen was sourced mainly from sheep, and was halal certified and thus was culturally acceptable to Muslim consumers55. A halal certification provided assurance to Muslim consumers that the collagens sources and process fulfill the Shariah law. For non-Muslims, the certification guarantees high quality, since the certification will only be awarded if its applicant complies with good anufacturing practices. 3. Collaboration with university Also, in 2009, Holista CollTech group began col-laborating with Chemical Engineering Pilot Plant (CEPP), University Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) to conduct research on Kacip Fatimah and its anti-aging effect on skin. For this purpose, in September 2009, Holista CollTech signed an Mou with Universiti Teknologi Malaysia to work on a formulation that would integrate UTM patent pending Kacip Fatimah anti-aging cream preparation with Holista CollTechs ovine collagen formula, which would lead to the commercialization of a face cream in the first quarter of 2010. In September the same year, Holista CollTech teamed up with Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) to develop stability and standardization protocol in extracting halal ovine collagen and to manufacture products that contain halal ovine collagen with other nurturing substances. One important concern addressed in this collaborative work was to produce halal enzymes that were useful in extracting collagen from sheep. It was reported that most of the enzymes currently used to extract collagen were derived from pigs, which is religiously offensive to Muslims. Initially, Holista CollTech utilized enzymes from fungus to avoid using those derived from pigs. However, this resulted in a very expensive process. Therefore, the collaboration with USM was meant to generate halal enzyme, which would help boost Holista CollTechs profits. Meanwhile, in November 2009, the companys collaborative research effort with 111M nad produced several results, and the company and several Ill M scientists n applied for patents for the nanotechnology collagen and collagen eye drops. As of December 2009, the company had worked with five Malaysian companies that had ood manufacturing practice (GMP) certification, which was approved by the Malaysian Ministry of Health (MOH) and certified by the World Health Organization (WHO). 4. Company awarded with the BioNexus status. By September 2009, Holista CollTech was one of about 126 companies in Malaysia awarded with the BioNexus status. In July 2007, the company was awarded the BioNexus status, which was a recognition granted to biotechnology firms that had fulfilled the criteria relating to biotechnology research and innovation set by the BiotechCorp, the agency responsible for monitoring BioNexus companies. Among others, BiotechCorp stipulates that a biotechnology firm must be involved in exploiting leading edge biotechnologies. The status, which was introduced in 2006, grants a biotechnology firm tax-deferred advantages, priority in getting government funding and access to BiotechCorps expertise and networks. . Comprising investors from Malaysia, Australia, Thailand and Singapore In addition to the AUD 500,000 raised in private placements in July 2009, in September 2009, the company successfully raised another AUD 2. 5 million of private placements comprising investors from Malaysia, Australia, Thailand and Singapore. Around that time, Holista CollTech also announced that its estimated sales fgure for 2009 would be about RM20 million (approximately USD6. 7 million). 6. Company obtains RM2 million loans from Malaysia Debt Ventures Bhd. MDV). MDV. By November 2009, Holista CollTech had received many sales orders for its ovine collagen from the Malaysian food and beverage industry and also from abroad. The company expected these sales to generate about RM9. 5 million in revenue. The orders enabled the company to obtain RM2 million loans from Malaysia Debt Ventures Bhd. (MDV). MDV, a subsidiary of the Malaysian Ministry of Finance, was a pecialized financial institution that provides financing to companies such as Holista CollTech that have received orders. This funding helped Holista CollTech to finance the extraction and formulation of food grade collagen. It also served as working capital for the full commercialization of the companys food grade ovine collagen. 7. Holista CollTech group provided training and development programs As it grew, Holista CollTech group needed to have a new management team to drive the company and it also needed to develop a second management layer. This was accomplished by hiring, firstly, three Malaysians with sales and marketing ackground, and secondly, people with more experience in product registrations and laboratory tasks. In addition, according to Dato RaJen, in order to move forward the company needed to employ more people with international background to began promoting their products overseas, especially in China, India and other countries. As part of its retention program, Holista CollTech group provided training and development programs and enrich the working experiences ot its employees by allowing them to travel overseas and meet foreign researchers. In addition, its training programs focused on product registration, intellectual property and arketing. The company planned to attract new talents and to broaden its retention package for existing employees by stock options. 8. Total Health Concept was designated as the marketing arm of the Holista CollTech Group. In December 2009, Total Health Concept was desig-nated as the marketing arm of the Holista CollTech Group. All the Groups brands would be distributed through Total Health Concept, which would market them via pharmacies, or through Alterni, which sold the products directly to consumers. In the beginning of 2009, Holista had already launched ABDROL and by December the company had marketed more than 30 nique products in various areas of health. The companys Total Health Concept products were available in many pharmacies, including Guardian outlets throughout Malaysia, more than 25 Guardian outlets in Singapore and some outlets in Brunei. Alterni, on the other hand, continued to be the only Malaysian direct-to-customer healthcare company for the past eight years 9. Strong RD team. Holista CollTech tropical botanic businesses competed with both local and foreign companies. The tropical botanic-based businesses included botanical RD and also herb extracts. The RD subsidiary, Tropical Botanics, was not only involved in cientific research, but also contributed to the current debates in the science of botany, mainly tropical herbs, by publishing its research findings in many scientific publications and reports. 10. High sales orders for its ovine collagen from the Malaysian food and beverage industry and also from abroad. ompany expected these sales to generate about RM9. 5 million in revenue. Weaknesses 1 . Company faced a limited budget for future expansion. Mayban, the venture capitalist for the Holista Biotech since 2004, started to cash out its shares in the company and planned to dispose its holding in the company ompletely by the end of 2010. The main reason for the exit was that Mayban, as a government-based entity, was not allowed to invest in a foreign li sted company. 2. Product development in health and cosmetics is well-known to have a long gestational period and requires huge investment 3. Holista Colldid not have its own RD facility As Holista CollTech did not have its own RD facility, the development team members who were directly involved in research and product development would be stationed in labs. They were usually stationed at locations where the company had collaborative works. For example in December 2009, the companys development team members did their work at USM and UTM labs. Opportunity 1. Malaysia, being rich in natural resources and having a strong agriculture-based industry, provides a solid foundation for a thriving biotechnology industry The 2006 MARDI report stated that Malaysia had an estimated 15,000 known plant species, of which 3,700 were known to be useful with 2,000 species reportedly having medicinal value9. This abundant supply provides a strong basis for the development of natural products, which could contribute to an increase in the production of ingredients for ood and drink, cosmetics and natural health supplements (also called dietary or nutritional supplements).

The Character Of The Pardoner In Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essays

The Character Of The Pardoner In Chaucer's Canterbury Tales The Pardoner's Tale is arguably the finest short narrative in Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. The tale of three men that attempt to kill Death, but instead die themselves is a story of exceptional intellect, moral, and humour. These three qualities are quite unsurprising considering the actual author of these tales. What is surprising though is that the character that tells this fantastic story is the Pardoner. There have been many studies on Chaucer's characterisation of the Pardoner, most of which have concentrated on his amoral attitude or on his sexuality. However, in this essay a different side of the Pardoner will be explored, his humour, his intellect, his skills, and even his morals. One work in particular stands out above from others in both its completeness and in the time of its publication. Chaucer's Pardoner by George Lyman Kittredge, published in 1893, precludes the current outspoken, post-modernist academic paradigm in which much of the study on the character of the Pardoner has centered on him as a eunuch and a homosexual. Instead Kittredge examines the Pardoner as an intelligent scoundrel that experiences a internal moral dilemma during the prologue, tale and epilogue. Kittredge's work focuses on the consistency of the character of the Pardoner. First, the Pardoner as a hustler is examined. For myn entente is nat but for to winne, And no thing for correction of sinne: I rekke nevere whan that they been beried Though that hir soules goon a-blakeberied. That is, as Kittredge makes note, the Pardoner is only concerned with his personal financial gain. He has no concern for the reformation of morals or for the truthfulness genuineness of those people attempting to repent. Further evidence of the Pardoner as an immoral swindler is exemplified in his lack of concern for stealing from the poor and starving. Al were it yiven of the poorest page, Or of the pooreste widwe in a village- Al sholde hir children sterve for famine. It makes no difference to him if he is swindling widows or their starving children. Further example of the Pardoner as an amoral character is shown with his denounciation of the seven mortal sins. In keeping with his hypocritical and cynical attitude, he is guilty of all seven. This last portion is generally used to show the evils of the Pardoner but instead another interpretation is made possible by his frank cynicism. The Pardoner is a very humorous character when he has the opputunity to be himself rather than the clergyman that he must pretend to be while conducting his business. This is best shown in the manner in which he denounces his practise and the reagard in which he holds himself. The humour of the Pardoner also coincides very well with his intellect and wit. This tale shows his intelligence and wit especially in the discussion between the three companions and the old man. Now sires, quod he, if that ye be so lief To finde Deeth, turne up this crooked way, For in that grove I lafte him, by my fay, Under a tree, and there he wol abide: Nat for your boost he wol him no thing hide. In this dialogue the companions are seeking the person of Death, while the old man is instead directing them where they may find their deaths. Now although this is just one example of the combination of humour and intelligence in the character of the Pardoner, his true intelligence is best exemplified by the rest of the story that surrounds this dialogue. It also seems that the intelligence of the Pardoner has become known to his fell travellers. And right anoon thise gentils gan to crye, Nay, lat him telle us of no ribaudye. Tel us some moral thing that we may lere, Some wit, and thanne wol gladly heere. His companions do not want some vulgar joking tale, they want an intelligent moral story and the Pardoner readily delivers with the tale of the three companions seeking out Death. His skill as an orator of tales is undeniably fantastic, and we experience him at his best in this tale. His aptitude at storytelling has also allowed him to show his skill as an adept hustler. His business has brought him over a hundred marks in his first year,

Brave New World and Individual Freedom Essays

Brave New World and Individual Freedom Essays Brave New World and Individual Freedom Paper Brave New World and Individual Freedom Paper Essay Topic: Brave New World The Motto of the World State is Community, Identity, Stability. With detailed reference to the novel, how do you  view this  in relation to individual freedom? â€Å"Community, Identity, Stability. † The motto that shapes and defines the entire civilized world. Civilians like Lenina believe that the motto has given them their individual freedom. â€Å"I am free. Free to have the most wonderful time. Everybodys happy nowadays. † (Page 79) Ironically, Huxley was trying to convey the exact opposite message. The motto really speaks of a heavy price paid freedom in exchange for collective happiness. Freedom to feel, freedom of identity, and the freedom to know and create. It is too heavy a price, perhaps, because freedom is never dear at any price. It is the breath of life. To ensure a community where â€Å"everyone belongs to everyone else†, individuality must be entirely eradicated. Babies are mass produced upon order in hatcheries according to castes, like lifeless dolls, existing only to ensure the smooth operation of the world. At the stage of an embryo, every citizen of the World State has its caste, gender, physique, career and mental capacity predestined. Further conditioning and hypnopaedia moulds everyone’s character according to the Controller’s suggestion – â€Å"Till at last the child’s mind is these suggestions, and the sum of these suggestions is the child’s mind. And not the child’s mind only. The adult’s mind too – all his life long. † (BNW, page 23) In other words, the whole being of the entire human race is controlled by the few World Controllers. Physically, mentally and spiritually. There is nothing left of humanity. People grow up with an indisputable set of morals and character already built into them, having no ability to choose who to be and what to think. Masses of human behave, talk, and think in the same way. Even if there is a chance to be different, they aren’t able to make that choice. They are confined in their minds; prisoners behind the invisible bars of predestination. Because â€Å"when the individual feels the community reels† (Page 94), emotions were to be reduced to the most superficial form possible to scaffold social stability. Firstly all family relations must be completely abolished. People no longer know what monogamy, romance, families and mothers are, and along with that, stripped of the right to practice them. Then there is the use of soma. As Mustapha Mond exclaims, you can now carry half your morals around in a bottle, because the slightest bouts of any negative emotions can be instantly cured by the drug. Like ostriches the whole civilized world choose to bury themselves in their soma holiday in face of the tiniest adversity. Living in that bubble of false happiness, they have lost all ability and freedom to have emotions. John the Savage believes that being happy all the time is a prison on its own, and he claims the â€Å"right to be unhappy†. After all, being a human, even at its most abject and abased state, is about the right to feel, to love and to hate. The citizens of the World State have also lost their right to know and to create. They are all intellectually degraded, even for an Alpha Plus. Watsons himself, the most distinguished Emotional Engineer admits that the hypnopaedic lines he writes are â€Å"idiotic, writing when there’s nothing to say†. (Page 194) Mustapha Mond explains the reason why they couldn’t afford to have people becoming too intellectual. After centuries of war, famine, poverty, diseases, heartbreaks and chaos, one day The Ford came along and decided that it is too hard being human beings. So he wiped out all arts, history, religion, emotions and relationship in effort to â€Å"shift the emphasis from truth and beauty to comfort and happiness. † (Page 194) In fact he reduced the entire humanity into a game of numbers and equations. Mond admits that â€Å"It hasn’t been very good for truth†¦But it’s been very good for happiness†. (Page 194) The motto and the entire World State wouldn’t be possible unless everyone succumbs to The Ford’s ideology. When he decided to abolish truth and beauty, inevitably he has also made the choice to strip off from Human its very last piece of flesh – the ability to reason and to make choices. In other words, freedom. Such were the price paid for what The Ford calls â€Å"civilization†. But of course, Lenina wouldn’t agree with that. References: enotes. com/brave-new-world/essays-criticism bookrags. com/essay-2006/2/22/13115/0989 gradesaver. com/brave-new-world/study-guide/short-summary/ bookrags. com/essayfree/Brave_New_World http://hotessays. blogspot. com/2010/05/essay-on-brave-new-world. html

Ethical Issue Paper - Vitamin K Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethical Issue Paper - Vitamin K - Essay Example The Vitamin K in breast milk is also very low and thus after the birth of babies, even though breastfeeding is taking place, Vitamin K is at a low level for several weeks and only attains its required level when the alimentary canal bacteria start generating Vitamin K for the baby. Some babies are fed with infant formula that contains Vitamin K but even though this takes place, the level of Vitamin K remains at a low level for some days (E Hey, 2003). Vitamin k is thus recommended to be administered on the new born babies to increase its levels in their body (American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Fetus and Newborn, 2003). The contention now is on how to administer Vitamin K. Which method is safe and well known to have desirable results in preventing hemorrhagic disease of the newborn? The method that has been in use was intramuscular administration or administration through injection. It however has come to be questioned on its safety on babies and its possibility that it woul d be causing cancer and leukemia in the new born babies who are given vitamin K using the intramuscular administration (American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Fetus and Newborn, 2003). This led to the introduction of oral administration in some countries. The decision however on the method to be used has somehow been determined by the consent from the parent. Where the nurse administering Vitamin K is left to decide, then ethical decision making comes in. As a nurse, consideration has to be put on both methods. Their effectiveness and on the safety. This paper, with the help of research by other writers, will show the dilemma faced in making the ethical decision of the method to use in administering Vitamin K. Summary of the Issue Concerns have however been raised on either the safeness or effectiveness of both intramuscular administration and oral administration of Vitamin K. The first that has been in use is the intramuscular administration. This method has been recorded to have good results and according to study in Australia, there was no registered case of bleeding (HDN) in the children who were given Vitamin K using intramuscular administration (Khambalia et al., A.Z., 2012).. A similar test was carried out testing the effectiveness of oral administration. Most of the infant who received Vitamin K were safe from HDN but a number of them were registered to experience bleeding probably because of HDN. From this you can depict that the efficiency of oral administration is not as effective as using intramuscular administration. This can be due to several reasons that would render oral administration non-effective. The first is that in case of vomiting in the child, to whom Vitamin K is administered to, the dose needed will not have been met and hence the child will be prone to bleeding. The other is that this method is dependent on the parent compliance to bring the child back for the second dose 3-5 days after the first dose given after child birth. T his would mean that if a parent fails to comply with this say because they forget, then the dosage will not be as expected but when it comes to intramuscular administration, the dosage is given once, immediately after birth of the child. This means that the complete dose is administered at once. These two factors may lead to lack of proper dosage if the oral administration is used and thus full protection from HDN may not be in

Speech 101 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Speech 101 - Essay Example It is normal that when people interact, they give and receive wordless signals. The gestures people make during communication send or portray strong messages. What people talk by word of mouth is distinct from what gestures portray. Therefore, the speaker needs to understand that vocal and physical speech is very significant in sending the message to the audiences. The use of physical signs or nonverbal communication has the ability to demonstrate our feelings, thoughts, and can emphasize on our points (Dozier 32). During speech delivery, the speaker needs to make use emblems of emblems since they enable him or her to translate the information to the audience who does not understand the language. It is important to note that emblem is related to sign language than daily body language. For instance, sometime when speaking about Greece mythology, the speaker could hold his or her arm with all fingers sealed in, apart from the second and index fingers, which are wide apart, may signify victory or harmony of the ancient Greeks. Additionally, the speaker needs to use a gesture called illustrator or iconic gesture, when complementing a Greek heroes such as Aristotle and Plato for what they did especially in the field of philosophy and politics. When presenting a speech about Greece, the speaker needs to deliver clear information or messages that are matching both in verbal and nonverbal dimension. They have organized ideas or thoughts, pay attention to what he or she want to say and ensure that they win the attention of the audience. It is important for the speaker to focus on public speaking because he or she will be delivering a message to many people. Therefore, the speech will be organized on five aspects, speaker, speech, occasion, audience, and effect (Dozier 46). The speaker should build a suitable speech for distinct audience on distinct occasion or time and for distinct

Chinas unique demographic evolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chinas unique demographic evolution - Essay Example Every nation has experienced demographic change and some still continue to change even today. However, in china, their demographic transition is unique compared to other countries. The demographic transition in china was driven by several factors that played a major role in the demographic process of change. The first factor is the convectional institutional arrangement followed by the unconventional arrangement of the same (Li 126). Additionally, China’s economic development and social change have also played a major role to mark the demographic transition.Factors Influencing Demographic Transition.Every country that has experienced demographic change, experienced some certain common stages of transition. The first stage has characteristics of high birth rate and a high mortality rate, as a result, a low natural growth is marked. The second stage is characterized by a high birth rate and a low mortality rate, which leads to a high natural growth rate. The third stage is a low birth rate and low mortality rate that marks a low natural growth rate. The first stage of demographic transition is marked with low level of life quality and social development. When the mortality level is high, people rely an increased birth rate to maintain their population. This stage did not have much difference between early developed countries and later developing ones. On the other hand, the second stage came with an improvement in life quality and sanitary condition which was as a result of economic development.

Importance Of Strategic Planning For Food Service Business Marketing Essay

Importance Of Strategic Planning For Food Service Business Marketing Essay Strategic planning is important for the food service business, because it matches market opportunities with business strengths and provides direction to achieve set goals. A strategic plan is a roadmap for food service business; it defines the objectives for each critical area of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹business development, including organization, management, marketing, sales, target customers, products, services and finances. This enables an organization to successfully draw a path and progress towards the set objectives. Function Each level of the food service business can benefit from a well-written strategic plan. A strategic plan should be established before the start of the company, used to as a flexible document during the first year in business and eventually be updated annually during the life of the operation. Although nearing the end of company, strategic plan helps the business, which includes information about the ownership transition benefit. Features The most important elements of the food service strategic plan includes a summary, mission statement, company vision, industries customer profiles, descriptions of all products and services, competitors information, organization and management structure, marketing strategy and key financial statements that include balance sheets, profit loss statement and cash flow statement. The strategic plan is easy to read and understand the companys operations. Most important is to be effective to be used as a measuring tool strategic plan throughout the year. Considerations In the creation of strategic plan, owners should collect information such as company mission statement last years vision, target customer base data, departmental budgets and financial documents that include a balance sheet, profit loss account and the cash flow statement. Key findings from the past year are very important to the partners, directors, officers or key employees who will be working on the companys strategic plan. Advantages Strategic plan gives owners peace of mind, knowing that the company is on the right path towards success. In difficult times, the realization that requires certain aspects of attention is priceless. Owners may be surprised that the communication be improved to find within the company. Company employees can benefit from a better understanding of their roles and the direction of the company. Invest the time in a strategic plan, and the company will be on the road to success. Importance of Mission Statement for Food Service Business (Restaurant) A mission statement is written in the best cooperation. The decision makers in society should sit down and talk about their thoughts and how they want to represent the company to the public. Ideas should be bandied about, considered and voted then. Once they thoroughly discuss, write and re-write the statement, they should make sure that it is something that people know to appreciate and buy customers. It should provide a statement that remains relevant no matter the difficulty of the enterprise, and can serve as an instrument to overcome the adversity rallying the troops. Mission Statement Our mission is to use superior product, service and management innovations to build a global foodservice company that serves value and quality-driven meals, demonstrates transparent integrity in the marketplace and has one of the best rates of return on invested capital in the foodservice arena Mission Statements role in Companys Success The above mission statement is firm articulation of the companys customers, employees and the world about the purpose of its existence. Obviously, our food service business exists to make money, to maximize profits and equity value, but our mission statement is more on the front than the bottom line. Our mission resonates with the public and tells them why it would be advantageous to do the business with our company. This mission statement represents the companys vision, as the company wants to be seen by our clients. Mission statements include a statement of purpose, a business statement, and an indication of the companys values. The indication of the purpose expressly the purpose of the company, in our case, a food service companys purpose is to provide the target market with quality food. Mission statement should inspire the staff. Thus, our mission brings a certain focus on the employee as the purpose of their work, crystallized, and they are able to see the value of their contribution. Customers are reassured when they are exposed to the mission, as they will be able to see that the company is on its purpose (value driven quality food). There are several things that our Mission Statement addresses, 1), who are our customers, 2) what are their needs and desires, 3) how I can meet those needs and wants, 4) What are the values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹that have built our company at present, 5) What values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹are our company want to have that there, 6), we are all constantly veering together with a single purpose or individual course. Importance of Vision Statement for Food Service Business (Restaurant) Vision Statement Companys well-trained staff, careful planning, targeted market segments, excellent menu, unique value proposition, product quality, hours of operation and accessibility will ensure that Company has a promising future. The management style is flexible, progressive and energetic. Enthusiasm of the management and associates will greatly stimulate the envisioned growth. Vision Statements role in Supporting Companys Mission An organization develops a vision statement and a comprehensive and inspiring mission statement, does not lose the opportunity to present themselves positively to existing and potential stakeholders. All organizations have customers, employees and managers, and most companies need creditors, suppliers and distributors. The vision and mission statements are effective vehicles for communicating with key internal and external stakeholders. The capital value of these statements as tools of strategic management is derived from its specification of the ultimate goals of a company. Entrepreneurial vision provides a context in which people can make decisions at all levels. A shared vision is like a compass and distant destination in the mountains. If you give a group of people a target point and then turn them loose in the mountains in order to reach this goal, they will probably find a way to get there. You may encounter obstacles and bad curves on the road, but with the general direction of the compass, a clear end goal and the belief that they work to a worthy goal, they will probably reach the target. Key objectives and Companys Success Key objectives Establish a financial culture of positive net profit from day one in operation. Successful development of the first two stores in thirty-six months. Achieving accumulated revenue for the first thirty-six months of Companys operations, through two operating stores of $5 million. Creating a Dining Icon in the marketplace through flawless execution of standards and companys core concepts at every level of each stores operations. Become a market leader in the fast casual segment nationwide USA. Key objectives and Companys Success Meeting breakeven point and achieving net profit from day one in operations will make sure that the company is on right track. This will also enable the company to meet its long-term growth funding requirements from within the company, thus eliminating the need for external funding. Operating the second store within first three years will ensure the companys growth. It will also increase the brand visibility which will help increase daily customer visits. Achieving five million dollars in revenue will make sure that the company has enough cash to fund its future growth plan and enable the company to use its internal resources for future funding requirements. Our companys initial two restaurants will provide live operational insight into key areas that affect customer service, product quality and profit performance, including: size of future restaurants; future equipment mix; optimum floor plan for the concept; optimum restaurant staff strength; optimum scheduling-to-peak-demand strategy; and menu-mix based on customer preferences reflected in sales reports. Information from the pilot will contribute to a successful roll-out of the restaurant throughout the country.

The Constitution :: American America History

The Constitution A case for the connection of America's colonial and revolutionary religious and political experiences to the basic principles of the Constitution can be readily made. One point in favor of this conclusion is the fact that most Americans at that time had little beside their experiences on which to base their political ideas. This is due to the lack of advanced schooling among common Americans at that time. Other points also concur with the main idea and make the theory of the connection plausible. Much evidence to support this claim can be found in the wording of the Constitution itself. Even the Preamble has an important idea that arose from the Revolutionary period. The first line of the Preamble states, We the People of the United States... ." This implies that the new government that was being formed derived its sovereignty from the people, which would serve to prevent it from becoming corrupt and disinterested in the people, as the framers believed Britain's government had become. If the Bill of Rights is considered, more supporting ideas become evident. The First Amendment's guarantee of religious freedom could have been influenced by the colonial tradition of relative religious freedom. This tradition was clear even in the early colonies, like Plymouth, which was formed by Puritan dissenters from England seeking religious freedom. Roger Williams, the proprietor of Rhode Island, probably made an even larger contribution to this tradition by advocating and allowing comple te religious freedom. William Penn also contributed to this idea in Pennsylvania, where the Quakers were tolerant of other denominations. In addition to the tradition of religious tolerance in the colonies, there was a tradition of self-government and popular involvement in government. Nearly every colony had a government with elected representatives in a legislature, which usually made laws largely without interference from Parliament or the king. Jamestown, the earliest of the colonies, had an assembly, the House of Burgesses, which was elected by the property owners of the colony. Maryland developed a system of government much like Britain's, with a representative assembly, the House of Delegates, and the governor sharing power. The Puritan colony in Massachusetts originally had a government similar to a corporate board of directors with the first eight stockholders, called freemen" holding power. Later, the definition of freemen" grew to include all male citizens, and the people were given a strong voice in their own government.

Meaning of Life and Action Movie Essay

I’m not a big fan of action movies. What bothers me is not that the protagonist is most often chased throughout the movie, jumping out of (through, onto) moving vehicles, dangling from or climbing the walls, delivering shots or skillfully escaping various projectile weapons. It’s that once the excitement is done, nothing much remains. It gets tired and tiring very quickly, and in the end makes me feel that I would have as good of a time trying to cross a very busy Toronto intersection. It never occurred to me that the reason why the effect of action movies may not be lasting or profound is that very frequently they are not done very well. I just couldn’t imagine what a well-done action movie would be like. Last night I watched Mel Gibson’s Apocalypto, and for the first time felt moved, moved rather deeply, by an action movie. It may seem an unlikely combination, Mel Gibson directing and co-writing a film on a decline of Mayan civilization. But he got something right – not necessarily the details (though the details seem OK according to some experts on Mayan culture) – but the feeling of it. On surface, this is no different than any other action movie – the protagonist is still being chased by the ‘bad guys’, running, climbing, dangling, fighting, leaping. The difference is that the meaning of the action is placed in the context that challenges our own understanding of what it means to survive. Apocalypto is a meditation on fear. It confronts us with the stark reality of having to negotiate our continued presence or potential destruction in a world where the most grotesque cruelty will come not from the world of wild beasts but from the familiar hands of other humans, even those sharing one’s language and culture. In most action movies we feel indiscriminately tense that no harm should come to the one who is chased (we must still have hearts of prey to be so easily identified with the pursued and not the pursuer). In Apocalypto, the protagonist is teaching us how to negotiate fear so that death, if it were to come, is done as well as living. And finally, that running away and running toward may look alike, but are not. Not at all bad for an action flick.

Black Comedy

Black Comedy Free Online Research Papers I expected to go see a black comedy in Peter Shaffer’s Black Comedy. I expected that there would be in actuality a serious subject matter handled with humor; hence â€Å"black comedy†. It, in fact, turned out to be slapstick humor, played off on the literal meaning of â€Å"black† and â€Å"comedy†. Nevertheless, I found it enjoyable and entertaining. Brindsley is a starving artist, whose girlfriend, Carol, is the daughter of a stuffy, judgemental old man. The play actually begins in a dark room, where, Brindsley and Carol, intent on impressing his stuffy future-father-in-law-to-be, have â€Å"borrowed† furniture from an absent neighbour. They are also expecting for the evening, a millionaire by the name of George Bamberger, deaf (to add to the humor), who also happens to be an art collector. Just as they are getting done setting up the room, a fuse blows out sending everyone into the dark. As the lights go full-on on stage, you realize that their life has been lit up until now, and as our lights have gone on, their room has gone completely dark. Once the room is dark, typical, predictable neighbours start showing up, starting with a neighbour, an old lady who I believe was a preacher’s daughter, showing up before the expected father-in-law. Colonel Melkett, the typical difficult father, is completely unimpressed by Brindsley. To make it funnier, the neighbour whose furniture has been stolen comes home early, unexpectedly. Desparately not wanting to get caught in his little funny web of lies, Brindsley brings Harold, the furniture owner over too. Then to make matters worse, Brindsley’s mistress shows up for a rendez-vous as well. The rest of the evening is spent by Brindsley covering his moves, trying to hilariously get (more like slide) Harold’s furniture back into his apartment, without Harold noticing, and get his own back into his apartment, all in the dark! This is interlaced with mismanaged drinking, and a spicy meeting with Clea. When she calls, he specifically asks her not to come over. S he, however, does show up, quietly and unannounced. Brindsley, feeling his way around in the dark, finds her by recognizing the way her butt felt! The Colonel’s lighter is a prop that I found amusing. In a dark room, searching for things or people with a lighter is much like using your cell-phone in the dark to find your car keys. Subsequently, the electrician shows up, and the stereotypical characters mistake him for the deaf millionaire, thanks to his accent. The characters assume that all accents sound alike, delivering predictable laughs, but amusing nonetheless. When the lights finally do come back , Brindsley is in big trouble. His affair has been exposed, Harold has found out about his furniture and the Colonel and now Carol as well aren’t happy with him at all. This play showed that human beings come in so many layers. The simplest people, we find, the ones with the morals are the ones we find complex. and the most complex people, we tend to excuse as the most â€Å"human-like.† The most layered character of this play, in the end, is caught in his own web of lies. Research Papers on Black ComedyThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsWhere Wild and West Meet19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Hockey GameComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Spring and AutumnPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice

Free Essays on The World In A Drop Of Water

I was drowning, water slowly filling my lungs, but I didn’t care. Light from the sun cascaded through the rippling water and danced on every underwater surface. Everything was calm and peaceful. This would be my last memory on Earth and it was a beautiful sight to see. It was as if time had frozen and I was witness to the majesty of the moment. I thought of nothing and felt nothing save the cool water gently swirling across my skin. It was absolutely gorgeous. That’s when time decided to start again, and it did it at full force. My throat closed up and my eyes burned from the chlorine. I was forcing water out of my lungs only to fill them with even more water. I was frantic and thrashing towards the surface. The light, which had been so beautiful before, was now taunting me safely above the surface, beckoning me with a voice that betrayed it’s thoughts. It knew I wouldn’t make it†¦I couldn’t make it and it was just toying with me. Then I was free, sweet air flooded every pore on my face and air filled my lungs. In my efforts to stay afloat I inhaled a small amount of water with that glorious air. It didn’t bother me because I was getting more air than water, and that air was all I needed. Inhaling the water did cause me to cough, and that was the most disastrous part of it all. When I coughed it made me inhale more water and air together. Again, this caused me to cough again and again – each t ime I breathed in more and more water until I was getting more water than air. I was going under and everything was going dark. It was only then I realized I was screaming and I forced myself to stop and save my breath. It’s amazing how far away the surface can be when you’re only six and can’t swim too well. Even when the water is only four feet deep. I was suddenly blind with the chlorine and tears. I was going to die right then and there and I was scared piss-less. I was losing energy and the will to keep swimming towa... Free Essays on The World In A Drop Of Water Free Essays on The World In A Drop Of Water I was drowning, water slowly filling my lungs, but I didn’t care. Light from the sun cascaded through the rippling water and danced on every underwater surface. Everything was calm and peaceful. This would be my last memory on Earth and it was a beautiful sight to see. It was as if time had frozen and I was witness to the majesty of the moment. I thought of nothing and felt nothing save the cool water gently swirling across my skin. It was absolutely gorgeous. That’s when time decided to start again, and it did it at full force. My throat closed up and my eyes burned from the chlorine. I was forcing water out of my lungs only to fill them with even more water. I was frantic and thrashing towards the surface. The light, which had been so beautiful before, was now taunting me safely above the surface, beckoning me with a voice that betrayed it’s thoughts. It knew I wouldn’t make it†¦I couldn’t make it and it was just toying with me. Then I was free, sweet air flooded every pore on my face and air filled my lungs. In my efforts to stay afloat I inhaled a small amount of water with that glorious air. It didn’t bother me because I was getting more air than water, and that air was all I needed. Inhaling the water did cause me to cough, and that was the most disastrous part of it all. When I coughed it made me inhale more water and air together. Again, this caused me to cough again and again – each t ime I breathed in more and more water until I was getting more water than air. I was going under and everything was going dark. It was only then I realized I was screaming and I forced myself to stop and save my breath. It’s amazing how far away the surface can be when you’re only six and can’t swim too well. Even when the water is only four feet deep. I was suddenly blind with the chlorine and tears. I was going to die right then and there and I was scared piss-less. I was losing energy and the will to keep swimming towa...

Physical therapy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Physical therapy - Essay Example Communication and interpersonal skills are necessary in the assessment of the patient’s condition and preparation of the most suitable plan of rehabilitation, as well as interact with the patient and his/her family. I am also willing to work in any environment whether in an outpatient clinic, hospital, nursing home, residential home, school, sports/fitness facility, or company (Physical Therapy – Topic par. 3). I am in a good physical condition and can very well lift and support the patient during exercises. As a hardworking and diligent student, I can maintain a satisfactory academic standing. I performed well in the science subjects (e.g. biology, chemistry, physics) I took. Thus, I will be able to hurdle higher science subjects needed in the course (e.g. biomechanics, neuroanatomy, human growth and development, manifestations of disease, therapeutic procedures) (McKay par. 3). I am also planning to take advance studies or specialization in order to better serve the patients (par. 4). I have keen analytical sense and observation, as well as problem-solving skills (Physical Therapy par. 5) which are necessary in making diagnosis and evaluation and providing the appropriate care and intervention. Lastly, I would subscribe to the ethical canons prescribed for Physical Therapist. Primarily, I enjoy working with other people and help them alleviate their plight. I believe that through Physical Therapy, I will be able to help them alleviate their pain, and rehabilitate and restore them to their former functioning. I am also inclined to advocate and educate people on injury prevention or treatment. Moreover, through this profession, I can help my family and relatives who may suffer from mobility and functioning impairment due to disease or accident. This career also offers a wide opportunity for employment and can treat patients from infants to older adults. I have interacted with people from

If Accounting Is to Retain Any Credibility, Then Without Credibility Essay - 1

If Accounting Is to Retain Any Credibility, Then Without Credibility It Is Worthless - Essay Example The faithful representation of the economic phenomena may be a challenge at times for the accountant, it should always remain their goal. It is against Tinker’s prophetic confession that accounting policies ought to be chosen for their supposedly desirable economic consequences rather than their ability to depict relevant situations faithfully. Accountants are reporters just as journalists and they are therefore endowed with the task of reporting faithfully any financial transactions that the company engages in. In the recent years, the roles of the accountants has greatly changed, these changes are in line with the changing regulations and business laws though from research there are indicators that there is a perception gap between the profession and the public and this is with regards to trust. The major contributor towards this is the ignorance hence lack of understanding of the public of the roles of the accountants in business growth, which is a crucial component of econ omic growth and recovery. The credibility of the accounting information assumes that the accounting information does not comprise any significant error or subjectivism, therefore it faithfully presents image of the process or phenomena (Previts, Robinson & Chandar 2007). The conceptual frameworks upon which credibility is ensured comprises of detailed elements, which ensure the elements are appropriate in terms of content. It is therefore appropriate if the accounting information is objective that is the transactions and events are faithfully mirrored (Previts, Robinson & Chandar 2007). This means that the transactions and events reflect the true meaning and consequences of economic events alongside the legal requirements. The information has to be neutral i.e. avoid influencing a decision or issuing a judgment for the accomplishment of any pre-determined objective. The display of transactions faithfully in the primary elements, which ensures the credibility of the information, prov ided in the statements. This ensures a balance between the information provided numerically and in a described manner concerning the information’s inductive phenomena. For the sake of the generation of faithful information, there has to exists a transaction or an event which is embodied upon the balance sheet level regarding the display of the elements concerning the corporation’s assets, debts, and own capital (Sims & Quatro 2005).  

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

HRM - Essay Example They tend to hire, promote, and retain minorities; encourage vendor diversity; and training for employees. Some, like Coca-Cola, Motorola, and Mars, actually conduct cultural audits to ensure that diversity is pervasive in the organization. Employee development is designed to help the organization ensure that it has the necessary talent internally for meeting future human resource needs. The focus of employee development is on a future position within the organization for which the employee requires additional competencies. Stoner, J. A. F. Freeman, R. E. Gilbert, D. R. (2006, pp. 187-216) argued that all managers are required to perform duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature. For instance, when the president of a college hands out diplomas at commencement or a factory supervisor gives a group of high school students a tour of the plant, he or she is acting in a figurehead role. All managers also have a leadership role. This role includes hiring, training, motivating, and disciplining employees. The third role within the interpersonal grouping is the liaison role. Mintzberg, H. (1989: pp. 176-219) described this activity as contacting outsiders who provide the manager with information. These may be individuals or groups inside or outside the organization. The sales manager who obtains information from the quality-control manager in his or her own company has an internal liaison relationship. When that sales manager has contacts with other sales executives through a marketing trade association, he or she has an outside liaison relationship.1 Formal education: Golden, K. A. & Ramanujam, V. (1985: pp. 89-96) mentioned that the use of educational qualifications in screening candidates seems to be a universal practice. A recent study of 300 large organizations in 22 countries demonstrate that employee selection practices differ by nations but a few common procedures were found and formal education is one of them. Employee development and

What is Nutrition Essay Example for Free

What is Nutrition Essay OBJECTIVES: 1. Identify and discuss factors that affect food choices. (Course objective 1) 2. Define: nutrition, nutrients, essential nutrients, non essential nutrients, kilocalorie 3. Identify the six classes of nutrients utilized by humans and describe their basic functions in the body. (Course Objective 4) 4. Describe the steps of the scientific method. 5. Describe the following components of research studies: experimental group, control group, placebo, double-blind placebo-controlled study 6. Discuss the types of research studies and methods used to acquire valid nutrition information. (Course objective 2) 7. Differentiate between reputable and non-reputable sources of nutrition information. 8. Differentiate between the various methods used to assess the nutrient status of individuals and population groups. Discuss the pros and cons TEACH YOURSELF THE BASICS: What Drives Our Food Choices? 1. Identify at least five factors that influence our food choices. Taste,enjoyment, culture, environment, social reasons, and popular trends. 2. Discuss examples of at least three of the factors identified in question 1. Taste is considered the number one factor when it comes to choosing foods. Foods that are salty and sweet are among the top choices. Culture plays an important role in choosing food. Foods that are easily available to a group of the population are more likely to be eaten over foods that are rare to the location. Someone from China may have different choices than someone from Italy. Social trends also have a role to play in choosing food. What family and friends eat and foods considered popular may be chosen over other foods, despite health concerns. **Make sure to read â€Å"The Take-Home Message† for this section (Pg. 7) What is Nutrition? 1. Explain how the focus of the study of nutrition has changed over time. Nutrition began a few hundred years ago as a science relating nutrients to diseases and its affects, but today is used as a way to promote good health and long life by healthy eating. ​** Make sure to read â€Å"The Take-Home Message† for this section (Pg. 9) What are Nutrients? 1. List the six categories of nutrients found in foods and in the body. Carbohydrates, Lipids (fats), Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water 2. Which nutrients provide energy? Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Alcohol also provides energy but is not considered a nutrient. 3. When we use the term â€Å"calorie† to describe the energy content of food, are we actually referring to the word â€Å"calorie† or are we referring to the word â€Å"kilocalorie†? Explain. Kilocalorie, not calorie, is the correct term when referring to the energy content of food. Calorie is a much smaller unit of measurement. 4. How many kilocalories are provided in a gram of carbohydrate? Protein? Fats? Carbohydrates and Proteins have 4 kilocalories and Lipids or fats have 9 kilocalories. **Make sure to read â€Å"The Take-Home Message† for this section (Pg. 13) What Are the Primary Roles of the Individual Nutrients? 1. For each of the 6 classes of nutrients, briefly describe their primary role in the body. Use the table below to guide you. Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats and water. Carbohydrates are the body’s Mai’s source of energy. Proteins provide the building blocks, or amino acids, for tissue in the body. Fats are also a source of energy but in a more concentrated form. Water makes up a majority of the fluids in the body, as well as its tissues. Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals. Vitamins help regulate metabolism and use other nutrients, while minerals assist in body processes. 2. List some food sources for carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Carbohydrates include bread, cereals and nuts. Lipids include butter and oils. Proteins include meat and dairy. 3. Classify the vitamins according to whether they are water soluble or fat soluble. Water soluble vitamins include vitamin C and the 8 B-complex vitamins. Fat soluble vitamins include A, D, E, and vitamin K. 4. Give examples of major minerals and trace minerals. Major minerals include calcium and magnesium, while Trace minerals include iron and zinc. **Make sure to read â€Å"The Take-Home Message† for this section (Pg. 16) What is Credible Nutrition Research? 1. What are some questions you can ask yourself to evaluate the credibility of published nutrition information (in print or on the internet)? Was the research findings published in a peer-reviewed journal? Was the study done on animals or humans? Is this the first time I have heard this? Do the study participants resemble me? 2. Describe the steps of the scientific method. Scientists observe the natural world, ask questions, and put forth or submit an explanation, called a hypothesis, bases on what they observed. Next they test this hypothesis to determine if it is correct or not. After testing or conducting an experiment, it can be determined if the hypothesis is supported or not by the findings. If supported, the findings can be published. If not supported, the scientist then must revise or redo the hypothesis. 3. Why is a double-blind placebo-controlled study considered the â€Å"gold standard† of research? This study is the gold standard because all variables are the same and controlled for the groups with no bias toward any group or researcher. 4. How does sample size affect the credibility of research results? The sample sizes must be large enough so that any differences in the study are related to treatment and not just chance. **Make sure to read â€Å"The Take-Home Message† for this section (Pg. 21) What Is Nutrition Assessment and What Does It Involve? 1. Briefly describe the different methods for assessing the nutrition status of individuals. Which one is the â€Å"best† method? Explain your reasoning. Anthropometric data is used to determine body size or composition. Data gathered is compared to reference standards, which can help determine risk factors for developing disease. Biochemical tests assess nutrient levels in body fluids, how fast nutrients are excreted through urine, and metabolic by products of nutrients found in urine. Clinical tests inspect the body for over or under nutrition by inspecting hair, nails and lips. Dietary intake can be measured by interviews and questionnaires to reveal lifestyle habits. The most important of the four would be anthropometric due to its ability to evaluate for disease such as diabetes. **Make sure to read â€Å"The Take-Home Message† for this section (Pg. 27) How Do We Assess the Nutritional Status of a Population Group? 1. How are nutritional assessment methods for a population group different than those which would be used for an individual? For a large population national surveys are used to determine nutritional status. How Does the American Diet Stack Up? 1. Summarize how the American diet compares to dietary recommendations. Americans eat too much protein, sugar, sodium, saturated fat and not enough fiber, some vitamins and minerals. **Make sure to read â€Å"The Take-Home Message† for this section (Pg. 30) What’s the Best Dietary Strategy for Health? 1. Is the following statement true or false: A variety of whole foods will meet everyone’s nutritional needs and there should be no need for nutritional supplements. Explain your ​answer. False. Some individuals have diet restrictions or higher nutrient needs such as a pregnant woman or someone who is lactose intolerant. **Make sure to read â€Å"The Take-Home Message† for this section (Pg. 31) VOCABULARY: Nutrition: The science that studies how nutrients and compounds in foods nourish the body and affect body functions and overall health. Nutrients: Compounds in foods that sustain body processes. There are six classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water Essential Nutrients: Nutrients that must be consumed from foods because they cannot be made in the body in sufficient quantities to meet its needs and support health. Nonessential Nutrients: Nutrients that can be made in sufficient quantities in the body to meet the body’s requirements and support health. Energy Yielding Nutrients: The three nutrients that provide energy to the body to fuel physiological functions: carbohydrates, lipids, and protein. Kilocalorie: The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree centigrade; used to express the measurement of energy in foods; 1 kilocalorie is equal to 1000 calories. Macronutrients: Organic nutrients, including the energy-containing carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and water that the body needs in large amounts. Micronutrient: Essential nutrients the body needs in smaller amounts: vitamins and minerals. Water Soluble Vitamins: Vitamins that dissolve in water: Generally cannot be stored in the body and must be consumed. Fat Soluble Vitamins: Vitamins that dissolve in fat and can be stored in the body. Major Minerals: Minerals needed by the body in amounts greater than 5 grams; Aka Macro minerals. Trace Minerals: Minerals needed by the body in amounts less than 5 grams; Aka Micro minerals. Peer Reviewed Journal: A journal in which scientists publish research findings, after the findings have gone through a rigorous review process by other scientists. Observational Research: Research that involves systematically observing subjects to see if there is a relationship to certain outcomes. Experimental Group: In experimental research, the group of participants are given a specific treatment, such as a drug, as part of the study. Control Group: in experimental research, the group that does not receive the treatment but may be given a placebo instead; used as a standard for comparison. Placebo: An inactive substance, such as a sugar pill, administered to a control group during an experiment. Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study: An experimental study in which neither the researchers nor the subjects in the study are aware who is receiving the treatment or the placebo. Nutritional Genomics: A field of study of the relationship between genes, gene expression, and nutrition. Registered Dietician: A health professional who is a food and nutrition expert; RDs obtain a college degree in nutrition from an American Dietetic Association (ADA) accredited program, and pass an exam to become a Registered Dietician. Malnourished: A condition that results when the body does not receive the right amount of essential nutrients to maintain health; over nourished and undernourished are forms of malnutrition. Malabsorption: A problem associated with the lack of absorption of nutrients through the intestinal tract. Medical Nutrition Therapy: The integration of nutrition counseling and dietary changes based on individual medical and health needs, to treat a patient’s medical condition. Quackery: The promotion and selling of health products and services of questionable validity. Body Mass Index (BMI): A measurement calculated as height divided by weight squared; used to determine whether an individual is underweight, at a healthy weight, or overweight. Overweight: For adults, having a BMI greater than 25. Obesity: For adults, having a BMI greater than 30. ​Here are a few examples of reliable nutrition and health websites. †¢ American Dietetic Association: www.eatright.org †¢ Centers for Disease Control: www.cdc.gov †¢ Food and Drug Administration: www.fda.gov †¢ National Institutes of Health: www.nih.gov †¢ U.S. Department of Agriculture: www.nutrition.gov †¢ American Cancer Society: www.cancer.org For additional resources, animations, and news stories over topics from this chapter, click on â€Å"Chapter Contents† on your Blackboard page, then click on â€Å"Chapter 1.†

Forest Soils on Acid Essay -- Ecology Nature Environmental Papers

Forest Soils on Acid Forest ecosystems are important both ecologically and economically. It is arguable that the most fundamental dynamic of the forest ecosystem is the forest soil. The acidity of forest soils can alter the chemistry, biota, and hydraulics of the soil, and thus, alter the soil formation characteristics and the soil composition. It follows that the acidification of forest soils demands a great deal of research and attention. Forest soils are commonly found to have pH readings of 4-6, even in areas of moderate to low acid deposition (Binkley et al, p. 4). In fact, an abundance of forest vegetation thrives on and stabilizes most forest soils at relatively low pH levels. It seems as though forest ecosystems generally thrive upon strongly acid soils. Though forest soils naturally are acidic, problems can occur when the acidity levels are raised artificially through processes such as acid rain. This paper will investigate the effects of higher than normal acidity and acid deposition in forest soils to gain a greater understanding of current and potential problems to forest soils and ecosystems. It is important to remember when discussing the implications of high acid in forest soils that there are several general factors that will alter acidic effects on soil chemistry, hydrology, biota, and weathering. These factors include soil type, soil sensitivity, and the quantity of precipitation. Texture, structure, grain size, and consistence are all crucial to defining the soil type or series and also to the amount of time soil is exposed to acid deposition. In a particular study on humus degradation based on simulated "acid rains" conducted by Greszta et al. (1991) revealed the extent to which soil type influenced ... ...556-563. Mulder, J., J.J. M. van Grinsven, and N. van Breemen. 1987. Impacts of acid atmospheric deposition on woodland soils in the Netherlands: III. aluminum chemistry. Soil Science Society of America Journal 51: pp. 1640-1646. Rampazzo, N., and W.E.H. Blum. 1992. Changes in chemistry and minerology of forest soils by acid rain. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 61: pp. 209-220. Sharpe, W.E., B.R. Swistock, and D.R. Dewalle. 1992. A greenhouse study of northern red oak seedling growth on two forest soils at different stages of acidification. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 66: pp. 121-133. Singer, M.J., and D.N. Munns. 1996. Soils: An Introduction. Prentice-Hall, Inc. New Jersey. Tamm, C.O., and L. Hallbacken. 1986. Changes in soil pH over a 50-year period under different forest canopies in SW Sweden. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 31: pp. 337 341.

Shakespeares Othello - Pitied Desdemona Essay -- Othello essays

Othello and Pitied Desdemona  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello sees the destruction of two very beautiful people because of a sinister intervention by a third. The most beautiful of all is the lovely and irreproachable Desdemona. Let us in this essay consider her character.    In her book, Everybody’s Shakespeare: Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies, Maynard Mack comments on the heroine’s final song:    Desdemona, preparing for bed on the night that will be her last, remembers her mother’s maid â€Å"called Barbary†:    She was in love, and he she loved proved mad And did forsake her. She had a song of â€Å"Willow;† An old thing ‘twas; but it expressed her fortune, And she died singing it. That song to-night Will not go from my mind. (4.3.25)    Here time present, in which Desdemona speaks and sings, and time future, in which we know she (like Barbary) is to die from an absolute fidelity to her intuition of what love is and means, recede even as we watch into a lost time past, when Desdemona had a mother and all love’s agonies and complexities could be comprehended in a song. (132)    In Act 1 Scene1, Iago persuades the rejected suitor of Desdemona, Roderigo, to accompany him to the home of Brabantio, Desdemona’s father, in the middle of the night. Once there the two awaken him with loud shouts about his daughter’s elopement with Othello. In response to Iago’s vulgar descriptions of Desdemona’s involvement with the general, Brabantio arises from bed and, with Roderigo’s help, gathers a search party to go and find Desdemona and bring her home. Once that Brabantio has located Othello, the father presses charges publicly in order to have Desdemona returned:   ... ...om Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Mack, Maynard. Everybody’s Shakespeare: Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.    Pitt, Angela. â€Å"Women in Shakespeare’s Tragedies.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare’s Women. N.p.: n.p., 1981.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Wright, Louis B. and Virginia A. LaMar. â€Å"The Engaging Qualities of Othello.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Introduction to The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare. N. p.: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1957.   

Organizational Structure and Culture Essay

Knowledge – Mastery of facts, range of information in subject matter area. Skills – Proficiency, expertise, or competence in given area; e.g., science, art, crafts. Abilities – Demonstrated performance to use knowledge and skills when needed. KSA Definitions Interpersonal Skill Is aware of, responds to, and considers the needs, feelings, and capabilities of others. Deals with conflicts, confrontations, disagreements in a positive manner, which minimizes personal impact, to include controlling one’s feelings and reactions. Deals effectively with others in both favorable and unfavorable situations regardless of status of position. Accepts interpersonal and cultural diversity. Team Skill Establishes effective working relationships among team members. Participates in solving problems and making decisions. Communications Presents and expresses ideas and information clearly and concisely in a manner appropriate to the audience, whether oral or written. Actively listens to what others are saying to achieve understanding. Shares information with others and facilitates the open exchange of ideas and information. Is open, honest, and straightforward with others. Planning and Organizing Establishes courses of action for self to accomplish specific goals [e.g., establishes action plans]. Identifies need, arranges for, and obtains resources needed to accomplish own goals and objectives. Develops and uses tracking systems for monitoring own work progress. Effectively uses resources such as time and information. Organizational Knowledge and Competence Acquires accurate information concerning the agency components, the mission[s] of each relevant organizational unit, and the principal programs in the agency. Interprets and utilizes information about the formal and informal organization, including the organizational structure, functioning, and relationships among units. Correctly identifies and draws upon source[s] of information for support. Problem Solving and Analytical Ability Identifies existing and potential problems/issues. Obtains relevant information about the problem/issue, including recognizing whether or not more information is needed. Objectively evaluates relevant information about the problem/issue. Identifies the specific cause of the problem/issue. Develops recommendations, develops and evaluates alternative course of action, selects courses of action, and follows up. Judgment Makes well reasoned and timely decisions based on careful, objective review and informed analysis of available considerations and factors. Supports decisions or recommendations with accurate information or reasoning. Direction and Motivation Sets a good example of how to do the job; demonstrates personal integrity, responsibility, and accountability. Provides advice and assistance to help others accomplish their work. Directs/motivates self. Decisiveness Identifies when immediate action is needed, is willing to make decisions, render judgments, and take action. Accepts responsibility for the decision, including sustaining effort in spite of obstacles. Self-Development Accurately evaluates own performance and identifies skills and abilities as  targets of training and development activities related to current and future job requirements. Analyzes present career status. Sets goals [short and/or long term]. Identifies available resources and methods for self-improvement. Sets realistic time frames for goals and follows up. Flexibility Modifies own behavior and work activities in response to new information, changing conditions, or unexpected obstacles. Views issues/problems from different perspectives. Considers a wide range of alternatives, including innovative or creative approaches. Strives to take actions that are acceptable to others having differing views. Leadership Ability to make right decisions based on perceptive and analytical processes. Practices good judgment in gray areas. Acts decisively. KSA Definitions {General Supervisory/Manager Competencies} Problem Solving and Analytical Ability Identifies existing and potential problems; notes, understands, and includes the critical elements of problem situations; obtains and evaluates relevant information; demonstrates awareness that new and/or additional information sources are required; notes interrelationships among elements; identifies possible causes of the problems; recognizes the need to shift to an alternative course of action including innovative or creative approaches; and appropriately terminates information collection and evaluation activities. Planning and Organizing Identifies requirements; allocates, and effectively uses information, personnel, time, and other resources necessary for mission accomplishment; establishes appropriate courses of action for self and/or others to accomplish specific goals; develops evaluation criteria and tracking systems for monitoring goal progress and accomplishment; and specifies objectives, schedules, and priorities. Decisiveness Makes decisions, renders judgments, and takes action on difficult or unpleasant tasks in a timely fashion, to include the appropriate communication of both negative and positive information and decisions. Judgment Develops and evaluates alternative courses of action; makes decisions based on correct assumptions concerning resources and guidelines; supports decisions or recommendations with data or reasoning; defines and implements solutions to problems; and recognizes when no action is required. Communication Skill Presents and expresses ideas and information effectively and concisely in an oral and/or written mode; listens to and comprehends what others are saying; shares information with others and facilitates the open exchange of ideas and information; is open, honest, and straightforward with others; provides a complete and timely explanation of issues and decisions in a manner appropriate for the audience; and presents information and material in a manner that gains the agreement of others. Interpersonal Skill Is aware of, responds to, and considers the needs, feelings, and capabilities of others; deals effectively with others in favorable and unfavorable situations regardless of their status or position; accepts interpersonal and cultural differences; manages conflict/confrontations/ disagreements in a positive manner that minimizes personal impact, to include controlling one’s own feelings and reactions; and provides appropriate support to others. Direction and Motivation Motivates and provides direction in the activities of others to accomplish goals; gains the respect and confidence of others; appropriately assigns work and authority to others in the accomplishment of goals; provides advice and assistance as required. Supervisory role Performance Displays knowledge of the roles, responsibilities, and duties of supervisors and managers; accurately assesses the impact upon others of role performance; and supports and promotes organizational decisions, policies, programs, and initiatives such as EEO and Affirmative Action. Specialty Competence Understands and appropriately applies procedures, requirements, regulations, and policies; maintains credibility with others on specialty matters; uses appropriate procedures or systems in the operation and/or staff environment as the position requires. Organizational Knowledge Demonstrates knowledge of the department’s or agency’s organizational components, the mission[s] of each relevant organizational unit, and the principal programs in the organization. Leadership Establishes work standards and expectations for self and others. Appropriately assigns/delegates work and authority to others in the accomplishment of goals. Keeps goals and objectives in sight at all times, monitors progress toward goals, and works to overcome barriers and obstacles. Provides coaching, advice, and assistance as required; e.g., helps subordinates overcome obstacles and deal with problems. Appropriately assesses contributions and p performance of employees; provides appropriate recognition, and deals with problems as they arise. Instills in others a sense of pride in the job at hand. Executive Core Competencies [ECC] ECC #1Leading Change ECC #2Leading People ECC #3Results Driven ECC #4Business Acumen ECC #5Building Coalitions/Communications ECC #1 Leading Change This core qualification encompasses the ability to develop and implement an organizational vision which integrates key national and program goals, priorities, values, and other factors. Inherent to it is the ability to balance change and continuity – to continually strive to improve customer service and program performance within the basic government framework, to create a work environment that encourages creative thinking, and to maintain focus, intensity and persistence, even under adversity. Key Characteristics: 1. Exercising leadership and motivating managers to incorporate vision, strategic planning, and elements of quality management into the full range of the organization’s activities; encouraging creative thinking and innovation; influencing others toward a spirit of service; designing and implementing new or cutting edge programs/processes. 2. Identifying and integrating key issues affecting the organization, including political, economic, social, technological, and administrative factors. 3. Understanding the roles and relationships of the components of the state or regional policy making and implementation process, including the Governor, legislature, the judiciary, local governments, and interest groups; and formulating effective strategies to balance those interests consistent with the business of the organization. 4. Being open to change and new information; tolerating ambiguity; adapting behavior and work methods in response to new information, changing conditions, or unexpected obstacles; adjusting rapidly to new situations warranting attention and resolution. 5. Dealing effectively with pressure; maintaining focus and intensity and remaining persistent, even under adversity; recovering quickly from setbacks. 6. Displaying a high level of initiative, effort, and commitment to public service; being proactive and achievement-oriented; being self-motivated; pursuing self-development; seeking feedback from others and opportunities to master new knowledge. Leadership Competencies Creativity and Innovation – Develops new insights into situations and applies innovative solutions to make organizational improvements; creates a work environment that encourages creative thinking and innovation; designs and implements new or cutting-edge programs/processes. Resilience – Deals effectively with pressure; maintains focus and intensity and remains optimistic and persistent, even under adversity. Recovers quickly from setbacks. Effectively balances personal life and work. Continual Learning – Grasps the essence of new information; masters new technical and business knowledge; recognizes own strengths and weaknesses; pursues self-development; seeks feedback from others and opportunities to master new knowledge. Service Motivation – Creates and sustains an organizational culture which encourages others to provide the quality of service essential to high performance. Enables others to acquire the tools and support they need to perform well. Shows a commitment to public service. Influence others toward a spirit of service and meaningful contributions to mission accomplishment. External Awareness – Identifies and keeps up to date on key national and international policies and economic, political, and social trends that affect the organization. Understands near-term and long-range plans and determines how best to be positioned to achieve a competitive business advantage. Strategic Thinking – Formulates effective strategies consistent with the business and competitive strategy of the organization. Examines policy issues and strategic planning with a long-term perspective. Determines objectives and sets priorities; anticipates potential threats or opportunities. Flexibility – Is open to change and new information; adapts behavior and wok methods in response to new information, changing conditions, or unexpected obstacles. Adjust rapidly to new situations warranting attention and resolution. Vision – Takes a long-term view and acts as a catalyst for organizational change; builds a shared vision with others. Influences others to translate vision into action. ECC #2 Leading People This core competency involves the ability to design and implement strategies which maximize employee potential and foster high ethical standards in meeting the organization’s vision, mission, and goals. Key Characteristics: 1. Providing leadership in setting the workforce’s expected performance levels commensurate with the organization’s strategic objectives; inspiring, motivating, and guiding others toward total accomplishment; empowering people by sharing power and authority. 2. Promoting quality through effective use of the organization’s performance management system [e.g., establishing performance standards, appraising staff accomplishments using the developed standards, and taking action to reward, counsel, or remove employees, as appropriate]. 3. Valuing cultural diversity and other differences; fostering an environment where people who are culturally diverse can work together cooperatively and effectively in achieving organizational goals. 4. Assessing employees’ unique developmental needs and providing developmental opportunities which maximize employees’ capabilities and contribute to the achievement of organizational goals; developing leadership in others through coaching and mentoring. 5. Fostering commitment, team spirit, pride, trust, and group identity; taking steps to prevent situations what could result in unpleasant confrontations. 6. R3solving conflicts in a positive and constructive manner; this includes promoting labor/management partnerships and dealing effectively with employee relations matters, attending to morale and organizational climate issues, handling administrative, labor management, and EEO issues, and taking disciplinary actions when others means have not been successful. Leadership Competencies Conflict Management – Identifies and takes steps to prevent potential situations that could result in unpleasant confrontations. Manages and resolves conflicts and disagreements in a positive and constructive manner to minimize negative impact. Integrity/Honesty – Instills mutual trust and confidence; creates a culture that fosters high standards of ethics; behaves in a fair and ethical manner toward others, and demonstrates a sense of corporate responsibility and commitment to public service. Cultural Aw3areness – Initiates and manages cultural change within the organization to impact organizational effectiveness. Values cultural diversity and other individual differences in the workforce. Ensures that the organization builds on these differences and that employees are treated in a fair and equitable manner. Team Building – Inspires, motivates, and guides others toward goal accomplishments. Consistently develops and sustains cooperative working relationships. Encourages and facilitates cooperation within the organization and with customer groups; fosters commitment, team spirit, pride, trust. Develops leadership in others through coaching, mentoring, rewarding, and guiding employees. ECC #3 Results Driven This core competency stresses accountability and continuous improvement. It includes the ability to make timely and effective decisions and produce results through strategic planning and the implementation and evaluation of programs and policies. Key Characteristics: 1. Understanding and appropriately applying procedures, requirements, regulations, and policies related to specialized expertise; understanding linkages between administrative competencies and mission needs; keeping current on issues, practices, and procedures in technical areas. 2. Stressing results by formulating strategic program plans which assess policy/program feasibility and include realistic short and long-term goals and objectives. 3. Exercising good judgment in structuring and organizing work an setting priorities; balancing the interests of clients and readily readjusting priorities to respond to customer demands. 4. Anticipating and identifying, diagnosing, and consulting on potential or actual problem areas relating to program implementation and goal achievement; selecting from alternative courses of corrective action, and taking action from developed contingency plans. 5. Setting program standards; holding self and others accountable for achieving these standards; acting decisively to modify them to promote customer service and/or quality of programs and policies. 6. Identifying opportunities to develop and market new products and services with or outside of the organization; taking risks to pursue a recognized benefit or advantage. Leadership competencies Accountability – Assures that effective controls are developed and maintained to ensure the integrity of the organization. Holds self and others accountable for rules and responsibilities. Can be relied upon to ensure that projects within areas of specific responsibility are completed in a timely manner and within budget. Monitors and evaluates plans; focuses on results and measuring attainment of outcomes. Entrepreneurship – Identifies opportunities to develop and market new products and services within or outside of the organization. Is willing to take risks; initiates actions that involve a deliberate risk to achieve a recognized benefit or advantage. Customer Service – Balancing interests of a variety of clients; readily readjust priorities to respond to pressing and changing client demands. Anticipates and meets the need of clients; achieves quality end-products; is committed to continuous improvement of services. Problem Solving – Identifies and analyzes problems; distinguishes between relevant and irrelevant information to make logical decisions; provides solutions to individual and organizational problems. Decisiveness – Exercises good judgment by making sound and well-informed decision; perceives the impact and implications of decisions; makes effective and timely decisions, even when data is limited or solutions produce unpleasant consequences; is proactive and achievement oriented. Technical Credibility – Understands and appropriately applies procedures, requirements, regulations, and policies related to specialized expertise. Is able to make sound hiring and capital resource decisions and to address training and development needs. Understand linkages between administrative competencies and mission needs. ECC #4 Business Acumen This core competency involves the ability to acquire and administer human, financial, material, and information resources in a manner which instills public trust and accomplishes the organization’s mission, and to use new technology to enhance decision making. Key Characteristics 1. Assessing current and future staffing needs based on organizational goals and budget realities. Applying sound human resource principles to develop, select, and manage a diverse workforce. 2. Overseeing the allocation of financial resources; identifying cost-effective approaches; establishing and assuring the use of internal controls for financial systems. 3. Managing the budgetary process, including preparing and justifying a budget and operating the budget under organizational and legislative procedures; understanding the marketing expertise necessary to ensure appropriate funding levels. 4. Overseeing procurement and contracting procedures and processes. 5. Integrating and coordinating logistical operations. 6. Ensuring the efficient and cost-effective development and utilization of management information systems and other technological resources that meet the organization’s needs; understanding the impact of technological changes on the organization. Leadership Competencies Financial Management – Demonstrates broad understanding of principles of financial management and marketing expertise necessary to ensure appropriate funding levels. Prepares, justifies, and/or administers the budget for the program area; uses cost-benefit thinking to set priorities; monitors expenditures in support of programs and policies, Identifies cost-effective approaches. Manages procurement and contracting. Technological Management – Uses efficient and cost-effective approaches to integrate technology into the workplace and improve program effectiveness. Develops strategies using new technology to enhance decision making. Understands the impact of technological changes on the organization. Human Resource Management – Assesses current and future staffing needs based on organizational goals and budget realities. Using merit principles, ensure staff are appropriately selected, developed, utilized, appraised, and rewarded; takes corrective action. ECC #5 Building Coalitions/Communication This core competency involves the ability to explain, advocate and express facts and ideas in a convincing manner, and negotiate wit5h individuals and groups internally and externally. It also involves the ability to develop an expansive professional network with other organizations, and to identify the internal and external politics that impact the work of the organization. Key Characteristics 1. Representing and speaking for the organizational unit and its work [e.g., presenting, explaining, selling, defining, and negotiating] to those within and outside the office [e.g., agency heads and other government executives; corporate executives; Department of Administrative Services budget officials; legislative members and staff; the media; governor’s office; clientele and professional groups]; making clear and convincing oral presentations to individuals and groups; listening effectively and clarifying information; facilitating an open exchange of ideas. 2. Establishing and maintaining working relationships with internal organizational units [e.g., other program areas and staff support functions]; approaching each problem situation with a clear perception of organizational and political reality; using contacts to build and strengthen internal support bases; getting understanding and support from higher level management. 3. Developing and enhancing alliances with external groups [e.g., other agencies or firms, state and local governments, legislature, and clientele groups]; engaging in cross-functional activities; finding common ground with a widening range of stakeholders. 4. Working in groups and teams; conducting briefings and othe45r meetings; gaining cooperation from others to obtain information and accomplish goals; facilitating â€Å"win-win† situations. 5. Considering and responding appropriately to the needs, feelings, and capabilities of different people in different situations is tactful and treats others with respect. 6. Seeing that reports, memoranda, and other documents reflect the position and work of the organization in a clear, convincing, and organized manner. Leadership Competencies Influencing/Negotiating – Persuades others; builds consensus through give and take; gains cooperation from others to obtain information and accomplish goals; facilitates â€Å"win-win† situations. Partnering – Develops networks and builds alliances, engages in cross-functional activities; collaborates across boundaries, and finds common ground with a widening range of stakeholders. Utilizes contacts to build and strengthen internal support bases. Interpersonal Skills – Considers and responds appropriately to the needs, feelings, and capabilities of different people in different situations; is tactful, compassionate and sensitive, and treats others with respect. Political Savvy – Identifies the internal and external politics that impact the work of the organization. Approaches each problem situation with a clear perception of organizational and political reality; recognizes the impact of alternative courses of action. Oral Communication – Makes clear and convincing oral presentations to individuals or groups; listens effectively and clarifies information as needed; facilitates an open exchange of ideas and fosters an atmosphere of open communication. Written Communication – Expresses facts and ideas in writing in a clear, convincing and organized manner.